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Deep sleep

The slow-wave stage (N3) where the body does most of its physical recovery.

Deep sleep is the slow-wave stage of the night, labelled N3 in a sleep lab. Brain waves slow right down, and it is the hardest stage to be woken from — pulled out of it, you feel groggy and disoriented for several minutes.

It is when most of the body's physical repair happens: tissue growth and mending, immune activity, and the clearing of by-products the brain builds up while awake. Most of your deep sleep is packed into the first half of the night, which is one reason a late bedtime costs you more than the clock suggests.

You cannot force deep sleep directly, but you can protect it: a consistent schedule, a cool dark room, and keeping alcohol and late caffeine away from bedtime all raise the share you get. Chasing a "deep sleep percentage" on a tracker is less useful than simply getting enough total sleep at regular hours.

Frequently asked questions

Deep sleep?

The slow-wave stage (N3) where the body does most of its physical recovery. Deep sleep is the slow-wave stage of the night, labelled N3 in a sleep lab. Brain waves slow right down, and it is the hardest stage to be woken from — pulled out of it, you feel groggy and disoriented for several minutes.

Nutrition & fitness glossary

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